Virtual Microscopy	Choose another topic Cardiovascular Respiratory Renal and Urinary Tract Musculoskeletal Neuro(CNS and PNS) Gastrointestinal Reproductive Endocrine Hematopoiesis and Lymphoid Skin

Case 1:

A 67 year old male is found to have a PSA of 7.2 ng/mL (range 0-4.0) during a routine physical examination. Transrectal biopsies showed prostatic adenocarcinoma, Gleason score = 7. [perineural invasion, prostate cancer (gross), prostatic adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 4), prostatic adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 3)]

1. What part of the prostate gland is most likely to harbor this malignancy?
2. What is the significance of the Gleason score?
3. How does PSA density help in the evaluation of an elevated serum PSA?

Case 2:

A 25 year old male presents to a urologist with a testicular swelling which has persisted despite a course of Ceftriaxone ordered by his family doctor for presumed epididymitis.

1. What might the urologist do to determine the nature of this lesion?
2. What kinds of tumor might be present? [seminoma, embryonal carcinoma]
3. What are the two main subdivisions of testicular tumors and what clinical significance does this have?

Case 3:

An 80 year old male presents with urinary outlet obstructive symptoms (hesitancy, intermittent voiding, diminished stream, incomplete emptying, and postvoid leakage). A TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate) was performed followed by a simple prostatectomy. [gross prostate, BPH]